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Coconut shell and palm shells were used and analyzed as the adsorbent material

In this batch study, the adsorption of malathion by using granular activated carbon with different parameters due to the particle size, dosage of carbons, as well as the initial concentration of malathion was investigated. Batch tests were carried out to determine the potential and the effectiveness of granular activated carbon (GAC) in removal of pesticide in agricultural run off. The granular activated carbon[url=https://www.coconutactivatedcarbon.com/]coconut carbon[/url] coconut shell and palm shells were used and analyzed as the adsorbent material. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms models were applied to describe the characteristics of adsorption behavior. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model and Freundlich model with maximum adsorption capacity of 909.1mg/g. The results indicate that the GAC could be used to effectively adsorb pesticide (malathion) from agricultural runoff.[url=https://www.activated-carbon-pellets.com/]bulk activated carbon[/url]

Precursor suitability and pilot scale production of super activated carbon for greenhouse gas adsorption and fuel gas storage

Raw and calcined petroleum cokes of Indian origin were characterized and screened as a carbon precursor for the preparation of [url=https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com/products/granular-activated-carbon/activated-carbon-gold-extraction.html]activated carbon gold recovery[/url] activated carbon on medium and pilot scale by chemical activation method. Raw petroleum coke (RPC) was found more suitable precursor for preparation of activated carbon, whereas the enhanced graphitic arrangement limits the applicability of calcined petroleum coke. The suitability of petroleum coke as activated carbon precursor was correlated with its physical properties. Super activated carbon (SAC) obtained from RPC exhibited very high specific surface area (3578 m2 g−1) with ultra-microporosity ranges from 0.4 to 0.7 nm. The equilibrium adsorption of CO2, CH4, CO, and N2 measured on powder SAC at different temperatures evidenced its applicability for gas separation through high adsorption capacity and selectivity. SAC also showed the high fuel gas storage capacity, H2 (26.67 mmol g−1 at 77 K and 3000 kPa) and CH4 (10.87 mmol g−1 at 303 K and 3700 kPa) due to its high specific surface area and microporous textural property. The production of SAC was also demonstrated for pilot scale and examined for CH4 storage.[url=https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com/]https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com[/url] The transformation of powder SAC into pellets using bentonite clay as a binder to provide better mechanical strength with enhanced CH4 adsorption (on a volume basis) made it viable for practical application.

Dispersion and effects of metal impregnated granular activated carbon particles on the hydration of antimicrobial mortars

[url=https://www.granular-activated-carbon.com/]granular carbon[/url]Granular activated carbon (GAC) particles impregnated with antimicrobial metals were incorporated into cementitious materials for the express purpose of inhibiting biogenic concrete corrosion. We report herein the influence of such metal-laden GAC particles on the hydration of cement mortars when substituted for fine aggregate, as well as the dispersion of metal in the cured matrix. Isothermal calorimetry was utilized to study the influence of GAC without and with copper and/or cobalt on select hydration characteristics of ordinary portland cement (OPC) mortars. When 1% of the fine aggregate mass was replaced with GAC particles of similar size, total evolved heat in all formulations was similar, regardless of GAC pretreatment. However, as the substitution approached 10% of the fine aggregate mass, metal-laden GAC formulations imparted delays in heat liberation and lowered heat fluxes. Results also substantiate that metal-laden GAC particles participate in the enhanced uptake of the calcium that is normally liberated during cement mixing and that the water delivered with GAC particles is not readily available during the first 142 h of curing. Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) elucidated that copper and cobalt were homogenously distributed throughout the cement paste with metal-laden GAC, with these metals concentrations localized in a 50–100 μm region surrounding the GAC particles. Compressive strengths were not affected by the presence of metal-impregnated GAC in the concentration ranges tested and reported herein.[url=https://www.coalactivatedcarbon.com/]coal carbon manufacturer[/url]

Enhanced removal of NO 3-N from water using Fe-Al modified biochar: behavior and mechanism

To remove NO3-N from water, coconut shell biochar (CSB[url=https://www.coconutactivatedcarbon.com/]coconut activated carbon manufacturer[/url] was modified by a solution of FeCl3, a solution of AlCl3 and a mixture solution of FeCl3 and AlCl3 respectively. The obtained modified biochar with the best effect of NO3-N adsorption was screened out to explore the adsorption behavior and mechanism of NO3-N removal by batch experiments and kinetics and thermodynamics and correlated characterization. The results indicated that the mixture solution of FeCl3- and AlCl3- modified CSB (Fe-Al/CSB) showed the best adsorption performance for NO3-N removal. Iron and aluminum elements existed on the surface of Fe-Al/CSB in the form of FeOOH, Fe2O3, Fe2+, and Al2O3 respectively. The adsorption process could reach equilibrium in 20 min. An acidic condition was favorable for NO3-N adsorption. The presence of coexisting anions was not conducive for NO3-N adsorption. The quasi-second-order model and Freundlich model could be well fitted in the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe-Al/CSB fitted by the Langmuir model could reach 34.20 mg/g. The adsorption of NO3-N by Fe-Al/CSB was an endothermic and spontaneous process.[url=https://www.activated-carbon-pellets.com/]activated carbon manufacturers[/url] Ligand exchange and chemical redox reaction were the NO3-N adsorption mechanisms which led to NO3-N adsorption by Fe-Al/CSB.

Phosgene formation via carbon monoxide and dichlorine reaction over an activated carbon catalyst: Reaction testing arrangements

An apparatus is described to investigate the synthesis of phosgene from the reaction of carbon monoxide and dichlorine over an[url=https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com/]wanyang carbon[/url] activated carbon catalyst. Infrared spectroscopy and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy are used to identify and quantify reagents and products. The reaction is operated with an excess of CO in order to enable complete chlorine conversion at elevated temperatures. The reaction profile is examined over the temperature range of 300−445 K, with a phosgene selectivity of 100 % observed at all temperatures. An isosbestic point in the UV–vis spectrum is observed at 272 nm, indicating that the dichlorine and the phosgene are in equilibrium. Examination of the phosgene formation rate as a function of space time and catalyst size fraction at 323 K establishes that, under the described conditions, the reaction is operating under chemical control in the absence of mass transfer restrictions.[url=https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com/products/other-activated-carbon/honeycomb-activated-carbon.html]silver activated carbon[/url]

Fenton-driven oxidation of contaminant-spent granular activated carbon (GAC): GAC selection and implications

Raw materials, activation methods, and post-activation treatment used in manufacturing granular activated carbon (GAC) [url=https://www.granular-activated-carbon.com/]granular carbon price[/url]results in a spectrum of physicochemical characteristics that potentially impact the adsorption oxidation treatment process. A comprehensive study is lacking that assesses the effect of GAC characteristics on adsorption oxidation treatment of contaminant spent-GAC. Consequently, it is inherently assumed the treatment process is GAC-independent. Here, GACs (n = 31) were characterized and used in the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-based adsorption oxidation treatment of 2-chlorophenol (2CP)-spent GAC. The GACs exhibited a range in surface area, pore volume distribution, metals content, surface functionality, and H2O2 reaction. Chloride recovery, the treatment metric for 2CP oxidation, indicated a wide range in oxidation (0–49.2%) where bituminous- and wood-based GAC performed best. A selected subset of GACs (n = 12), amended with iron, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), and H2O2, exhibited a range in oxidative treatment (1.1–57.9%). Correlations were established between GAC surface functionality, H2O2 reactivity, adsorption, and MTBE oxidation indicating multiple parameters play a collective and compounding role. The order of GACs successfully used in the treatment process is bituminous-based coal > wood > coconut > peat. Results showed adsorption oxidation treatment is GAC-dependent, and therefore, GAC selection is a key factor in the success of this technology.[url=https://www.coalactivatedcarbon.com/]https://www.coalactivatedcarbon.com[/url]

Quantitative evaluation of the effect of moisture contents of coconut shell activated carbon used for respirators on adsorption capacity for organic vapors

Activated carbon is an elemental material used for hygienic applications, particularly as an adsorbent for harmful gases and vapors. In Japanese industrial and occupational hygiene, activated carbon produced from [url=https://www.coconutactivatedcarbon.com/]coconut activated carbon manufacturer[/url]coconut shell is a traditional and popular adsorbent material due to its excellent adsorption ability and cost advantage. In this research, in order to clarify the effect of the preliminary content of moisture on the adsorption capacity in detail, we prepared several coconut shell activated carbons which were preconditioned by equilibration with moisture at different relative humidities. We measured their adsorption capacities as breakthrough times for 6 kinds of organic vapor, and attempted to determine the relationships between the relative weight increase of water adsorption and the decrease of adsorption capacities of the activated carbon specimens for the organic vapors. [url=https://www.activated-carbon-pellets.com/]activated carbon manufacturers[/url]The procedure of the quantitative evaluation of the effect of moisture and the results are useful for practical applications of activated carbon, particularly those used as adsorbents in workplaces.

Advanced Cr(VI) sorption properties of activated carbon produced via pyrolysis of the “Posidonia oceanica” seagrass

This research deals with the removal of Cr(VI), one of the most toxic heavy metal in biological systems, from wastewater by using activated carbon[url=https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com/]wanyang carbon[/url] produced via pyrolysis and chemical activation of “Posidonia oceanica”. That is the most important and well-studied seagrass species of the Mediterranean Sea. The as produced activated carbon exhibited high specific surface area up to 1563 m2/g and a cumulative pore volume of 0.74 cm3/g, allocated to 74% micro-pores and 26% to meso-macro- pores. The adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) into Posidonia oceanica activated carbon was studied via batch experiments considering the contact time, the initial concentration and the pH parameters. The results were interpreted using four different adsorption kinetic models. The activated carbon material seems to exhibit excellent sorption properties with rapid removal capability for Cr(VI). The estimated maximum uptake capacity at equilibrium stage was ~120 mg/g. Also, the initial adsorption rate ri was dependent on the initial Cr(VI) concentration in aqueous solution and it was from 77 mg/(g*h) to 264 mg/(g*h). [url=https://www.wyactivatedcarbon.com/products/other-activated-carbon/honeycomb-activated-carbon.html]silver activated carbon[/url]The best fitted kinetic model seems to be the Diffusion-Chemisorption model with the rate constant KDC of the Cr(VI) ions transfer from liquid to solid particles extend from 52 to 78 mg/(g*h0.5).

Key syntrophic partnerships identified in a granular activated carbon amended UASB treating municipal sewage under low temperature conditions

Two laboratory-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blankets (UASB) reactors, one with and one without granular activated carbon (GAC)[url=https://www.granular-activated-carbon.com/]granular carbon price[/url] were operated for municipal sewage treatment at low temperatures (16.5 ± 2.0 °C). During the 120-day operation, the GAC-amended reactor significantly enhanced COD removal (from 62% to 75%, P < 0.05) and methane production (from 87 to 218 mg CH4-COD/reactor/d) than the non-GAC reactor. Bacterial communities were significantly different between the two reactors (P < 0.05). Geobacter, a key indicator for direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET), had the highest differential score (LEfSe analysis), showing significantly higher abundances in the GAC-amended reactor (3.7–8.8%) than the non-GAC reactor (0.9–4.0%). GAC also enriched syntrophic bacteria, Syntrophomonas, Syntrophus and sulfate reducing bacteria. Methanobacterium dominated the archaeal community in the GAC-amended reactor sludge (35.7%) and GAC-biofilm (75.3%), and was less abundant in the non-GAC reactor (9.9%).[url=https://www.coalactivatedcarbon.com/]https://www.coalactivatedcarbon.com[/url] It indicates that GAC enriched microbial syntrophic partners with potential electro-activities in the anaerobic digestion process.

Flexural strength of the joint between glass-infiltrated alumina frames and the alumina-magnesia modifier

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the flexural strength of the joint between glass-infiltrated [url=https://www.hslabrasive.com/products/fused-alumina/]fused alumina suppliers[/url]alumina frames and the experimental adjusting agent (MA modifier) that contains alumina and magnesia. Methods A commercially available adjusting agent (Optimizer), a slurry of alumina powder (Alumina modifier), and a bulk specimen (joint-free alumina) were used as controls. Beam-shaped alumina specimens were machined from an alumina block. The ends of two alumina beams were positioned at an interval of 1.0 mm and joined with each adjusting agent. The joined specimens were subjected to sintering, glass infiltration firing, glass control firing, and then a three-point bending test was carried out to evaluate the flexural strength. Results The maximum flexural strength was observed in the joint-free alumina, followed by MA modifier, Optimizer and Alumina modifier. With the exception for joint-free alumina, the failure modes after three-point bending test tended to shift from adhesive failure at substrate material-adjusting agent interface to cohesive failure within adjusting agent as the flexural strength increased. Conclusions The use of MA modifier significantly improved the flexural strength of joined glass-infiltrated alumina frame. The MA modifier could be applied for adjusting the margin as an alternative to Optimizer when fabricating crown and bridge substructures with In-Ceram Alumina system.[url=https://www.hslabrasive.com/]https://hslabrasive.com[/url]


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